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Th Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
Th Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
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Est. 1828
Dictionary
Definition
abbreviation
symbol (1)
verb suffix
adjective suffix
noun suffix
symbol (2)
abbreviation
6
abbreviation
symbol (1)
verb suffix
adjective suffix
noun suffix
symbol (2)
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Th
1 of 6
abbreviation
Thursday
Th
2 of 6
symbol (1)
thorium
-th
3 of 6
verb suffix
see -eth entry 1
-th
4 of 6
adjective suffix
variants
or -eth
—used in forming ordinal numbershundredthfortieth
-th
5 of 6
noun suffix
1
: act or process
spilth
2
: state or condition
dearth
-th
6 of 6
symbol (2)
—used with the figures 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 0 and related Roman numerals to indicate an ordinal number25th50th wedding anniversaryXXVth Olympiad
Word History
Etymology
Adjective suffix
Middle English -the, -te, from Old English -tha, -ta; akin to Old High German -do -th, Latin -tus, Greek -tos, Sanskrit -tha
Noun suffix
Middle English, from Old English; akin to Old High German -ida, suffix forming abstract nouns, Latin -ta, Greek -tē, Sanskrit -tā
Symbol (2)
-th entry 2
Dictionary Entries Near Th
-th
Th
thack
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Merriam-Webster
“Th.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Th. Accessed 12 Mar. 2024.
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Kids Definition
-th
1 of 2
see -eth entry 1
-th
2 of 2
adjective suffix
variants
or -eth
—used to form ordinal numbershundredthfortieth
Etymology
Adjective suffix
Old English -tha, -ta (a suffix used in forming ordinal numbers)
Medical Definition
Th
symbol
thorium
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TH Definition & Usage Examples | Dictionary.com
TH Definition & Usage Examples | Dictionary.com
GamesDaily CrosswordWord PuzzleWord FinderAll gamesFeaturedWord of the DaySynonym of the DayWord of the YearNew wordsLanguage storiesAll featuredPop cultureSlangEmojiMemesAcronymsGender and sexualityAll pop cultureWriting tipsGrammar Coach™Writing hubGrammar essentialsCommonly confusedAll writing tipsGamesFeaturedPop cultureWriting tipsThSymbol, Chemistry.thorium.Words Nearby ThTGIFtgnT-groupTGVTGWUThTh 227thāThabana-NtlenyanaThachThackerayOther definitions for -th (2 of 6)-th1a suffix forming nouns of action (birth) or abstract nouns denoting quality or condition (depth; length; warmth).Origin of -th2Middle English -th(e), Old English -thu, -tho, -th (variant -t after a velar, f, or s); cognate with Gothic -itha,Latin -tus,Greek -tosOther definitions for -th (3 of 6)-th2a suffix used in the formation of ordinal numbers (fourth, tenth), in some cases, added to altered stems of the cardinal (fifth; twelfth).Origin of -th3Middle English -the, -te,Old English -tha, -the (variant -ta after f or s); cognate with Old Norse -thi, -di,Latin -tus,Greek -tos;see -eth2Other definitions for -th (4 of 6)-th3variant of -eth1: doth.Other definitions for Th. (5 of 6)Th.abbreviationThursday.Other definitions for T.H. (6 of 6)T.H.abbreviationTerritory of Hawaii.Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2024How to use Th in a sentenceTo celebrate the 1,000th Daily Pic, we declare "Las Meninas" the West's greatest hit.Greater Than The Mona Lisa | Blake Gopnik | January 28, 2014 | THE DAILY BEAST“Indisputable,” which Joyce used only twice, was tied for the 10,000th spot.Why Big Data Doesn’t Live up to the Hype | Nick Romeo | January 4, 2014 | THE DAILY BEASTDrybar recently reached the milestone of the 1,111,111th customer; she was awarded free blowouts for life.Blow Dry Bars Are a Thriving Industry Disrupting the Salon Business | Kelsey Meany | July 13, 2013 | THE DAILY BEASTThe vehicle has even gained traction abroad, with Nissan celebrating its 10,000th sale in Europe in late May.Sales Increase for Electric Vehicles | Edward Ferguson | July 2, 2013 | THE DAILY BEASTBy the time Putin joined Berlusconi on his n-Th trip to Sardinia, in 2003, they were already on hugging terms.Berlusconi and Putin Pillow Talk | Julia Ioffe | December 2, 2010 | THE DAILY BEASTAt a later time, wonder, when thus used adverbially, received the adverbial suffix -s; hence Th.Chaucer's Works, Volume 1 (of 7) -- Romaunt of the Rose; Minor Poems | Geoffrey ChaucerNote, once for all, that 'Th for final -eth is extremely common throughout all parts of this poem.Chaucer's Works, Volume 1 (of 7) -- Romaunt of the Rose; Minor Poems | Geoffrey ChaucerWe may also notice that com'Th is a monosyllable , whereas trewely has three syllables, though in l. 35 it makes but two.Chaucer's Works, Volume 1 (of 7) -- Romaunt of the Rose; Minor Poems | Geoffrey ChaucerWhat does he care hwhat becomes o' Th' poor Oirish, so long as he gets his billyfull?Punch, or the London Charivari, Vol. 109, July 27, 1895 | VariousBut they got to quarrelin' and all left Th' old man an' he was so mad he cut 'em all out o' his will.The Outdoor Girls in the Saddle | Laura Lee HopeSee More ExamplesBritish Dictionary definitions for th (1 of 4)ththe internet domain name forThailandBritish Dictionary definitions for Th (2 of 4)Ththe chemical symbol forthoriumBritish Dictionary definitions for -th (3 of 4)-th1suffix forming nouns(from verbs) indicating an action or its consequence: growth(from adjectives) indicating a quality: widthOrigin of -th3from Old English -thu, -thoBritish Dictionary definitions for -th (4 of 4)-th2suffixforming ordinal numbers: fourth; thousandthOrigin of -th4from Old English -(o) tha, -(o) theCollins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition
© William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins
Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012Scientific definitions for ThThThe American Heritage® Science Dictionary
Copyright © 2011. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.Browse#aabbccddeeffgghhiijjkkllmmnnooppqqrrssttuuvvwwxxyyzzAboutCareersShopContact usAdvertise with usCookies, terms, & privacyDo not sell my infoFollow usGet the Word of the Day every day!Sign upBy clicking "Sign Up", you are accepting Dictionary.com Terms & Conditions and Privacy Policies.My account© 2024 Dictionary.com, LLC
1 SGD to THB - Singapore Dollars to Thai Baht Exchange Rate
D to THB - Singapore Dollars to Thai Baht Exchange RateSkip to ContentPersonalBusinessSend MoneyConverterCurrency APIToolsCurrency ChartsTrends for any currencyRate AlertsSet your target rate and get alertedHistorical Currency RatesCheck rates for any dateIBAN CalculatorSearch and validate IBANsAppsSmartphone apps and moreMore ToolsResourcesHelp CenterRefer A FriendBlogMoney Transfer TipsCurrency EncyclopediaCurrency NewslettersGlossaryMore ResourcesSign InMoney TransferRate AlertsRegisterMoney TransferRate AlertsSend MoneyConverterCurrency APIToolsCurrency ChartsTrends for any currencyRate AlertsSet your target rate and get alertedHistorical Currency RatesCheck rates for any dateIBAN CalculatorSearch and validate IBANsAppsSmartphone apps and moreMore ToolsResourcesHelp CenterRefer A FriendBlogMoney Transfer TipsCurrency EncyclopediaCurrency NewslettersGlossaryMore ResourcesSign InSign InMoney TransferRate AlertsRegisterRegisterMoney TransferRate Alerts1 SGD to THB - Convert Singapore Dollars to Thai BahtXe Currency ConverterConvertSendChartsAlertsAmount1S$FromSGD – Singapore DollarToTHB – Thai Baht1.00 Singapore Dollar =26.723924 Thai Baht1 THB = 0.0374197 SGDWe use the mid-market rate for our Converter. This is for informational purposes only. You won’t receive this rate when sending money. Login to view send ratesTrack currencyView transfer quoteSingapore Dollar to Thai Baht conversion — Last updated Mar 12, 2024, 10:41 UTCConvert Singapore Dollar to Thai BahtSGDTHB1 SGD26.7239 THB5 SGD133.62 THB10 SGD267.239 THB25 SGD668.098 THB50 SGD1,336.2 THB100 SGD2,672.39 THB500 SGD13,362 THB1,000 SGD26,723.9 THB5,000 SGD133,620 THB10,000 SGD267,239 THBConvert Thai Baht to Singapore DollarTHBSGD1 THB0.0374197 SGD5 THB0.187098 SGD10 THB0.374197 SGD25 THB0.935491 SGD50 THB1.87098 SGD100 THB3.74197 SGD500 THB18.7098 SGD1,000 THB37.4197 SGD5,000 THB187.098 SGD10,000 THB374.197 SGDSGD to THB Chart1 SGD = 0 THB View full chart1 Singapore Dollar to Thai Baht statsLast 30 DaysLast 90 DaysHighThese are the highest points the exchange rate has been at in the last 30 and 90-day periods.26.82526.825LowThese are the lowest points the exchange rate has been at in the last 30 and 90-day periods.26.55825.838AverageThese are the average exchange rates of these two currencies for the last 30 and 90 days.26.69126.436VolatilityThese percentages show how much the exchange rate has fluctuated over the last 30 and 90-day periods.0.21%0.30%Currency InformationSGD - Singapore DollarOur currency rankings show that the most popular Singapore Dollar exchange rate is the SGD to USD rate. The currency code for Singapore Dollars is SGD. The currency symbol is S$.More Singapore Dollar infoTHB - Thai BahtOur currency rankings show that the most popular Thai Baht exchange rate is the THB to USD rate. The currency code for Thai Baht is THB. The currency symbol is ฿.More Thai Baht infoPopular Singapore Dollar (SGD) Currency PairingsSGD to USDSGD to AUDSGD to INRSGD to GBPSGD to EURSGD to JPYSGD to CHFSGD to CNYThe world's most popular currency toolsXe International Money TransferSend money online fast, secure and easy. Live tracking and notifications + flexible delivery and payment options.Send moneyXe Currency ChartsCreate a chart for any currency pair in the world to see their currency history. These currency charts use live mid-market rates, are easy to use, and are very reliable.View chartsXe Rate AlertsNeed to know when a currency hits a specific rate? The Xe Rate Alerts will let you know when the rate you need is triggered on your selected currency pairs.Create alertXe Currency Data APIPowering commercial grade rates at 300+ companies worldwideSee our API plansDownload the Xe AppCheck live rates, send money securely, set rate alerts, receive notifications and more.Scan me!Over 70 million downloads worldwide4.5/5, 2.2k ratings3.8/5, 90.8k ratings4.7/5, 41.5k ratingsLanguageEnglishEnglish (UK)DeutschEspañolFrançaisPortuguêsItalianoSvenska日本語简体中文繁體中文العربيةTransfer MoneySend Money OnlineSend Money to IndiaSend Money to PakistanSend Money to MexicoSend Money to JapanSend Money to the UKSend Money to CanadaSend Money to AustraliaSend Money to New ZealandSend Money to Mobile WalletSecurityReport fraudTrustpilot ReviewsXE BusinessBusiness PaymentsInternational Business PaymentsGlobal Business PaymentsRisk ManagementEnterprise Resource PlanningCurrency Data API IntegrationAffiliate Referral Partner ProgramMass PaymentsAppsMoney Transfer & Currency AppsAndroid Money Transfer AppiOS Money Transfer AppTools & ResourcesBlogCurrency ConverterCurrency ChartsHistorical Currency RatesCurrency EncyclopediaCurrency Rate AlertsCurrency NewslettersIBAN CalculatorGlossaryCompany InfoAbout UsPartnershipsCareersHelp CenterSite MapLegalPrivacyCookie PolicyConsent ManagerMoney Transfer InformationFile a ComplaintAccessibility© 1995-2024 XE.com IGeography of Singapore - Wikipedia
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Geography of Singapore
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Geography of SingaporeContinentAsiaRegionSoutheast AsiaCoordinates1°17′N 103°50′E / 1.283°N 103.833°E / 1.283; 103.833AreaRanked 175th • Total734.3 km2 (283.5 sq mi) • Land98.57% • Water1.43%Coastline193 km (120 mi)BordersLand border crossings namely Woodlands Checkpoint and Tuas Checkpoint, various coastal and air checkpoints linking Malaysia and Indonesia, as well as international destinations.Highest pointBukit Timah Hill 164 m (538 ft)Lowest pointIndian Ocean, South China Sea 0 m (0 ft)Longest riverKallang River
10 km (6 mi)Largest lakeNoneExclusive economic zone1,067 km2 (412 sq mi)
Singapore is an island city-state and country in maritime Southeast Asia, located at the end of the Malayan Peninsula between Malaysia and Indonesia as well as the Straits of Malacca and the South China Sea. It is heavily compact and urbanised. As of 2023, Singapore has a total land area of 734.3 square kilometres (283.5 sq mi).[1] Singapore is separated from Indonesia by the Singapore Strait and from Malaysia by the Straits of Johor.
Geographically, Singapore comprises its mainland and other islands. The mainland of Singapore measures 50 kilometres (31 mi) from east to west and 27 kilometres (17 mi) from north to south with 193 kilometres (120 mi) of coastline. These figures are based on 2.515 metres (8 ft 3.0 in) High Water Mark cadastral survey boundaries.[2] It has an exclusive economic zone of 1,067 km2 (412 sq mi).
Topography[edit]
See also: List of islands of Singapore and Extreme points of Singapore
Upper Seletar Reservoir
Singapore's main territory looks like a diamond-shaped island, although its territory includes surrounding smaller islands. The farthest outlying island is Pedra Branca. Of Singapore's dozens of smaller islands, Jurong Island, Pulau Tekong, Pulau Ubin and Sentosa are the larger ones. Most of Singapore is no more than 15 meters above sea level.
The highest point of Singapore is Bukit Timah Hill, with a height from the ground of 165 m (538 ft) and made up of igneous rock, granite. Hills and valleys of sedimentary rock dominate the northwest, while the eastern region consists of sandy and flatter land. Singapore has no natural lakes, but reservoirs and water catchment areas have been constructed to store fresh water for Singapore's water supply.
Singapore has reclaimed land with earth obtained from its own hills, the seabed, and neighboring countries. As a result, Singapore's land area has grown from 581.5 km2 in the 1960s to 725.7 km2 today, and will increase slightly more due to the construction of sea polder and barrage to deal with the ever-rising sea level.
Climate[edit]
See also: Peninsular Malaysian rain forests
Afternoon thunderstorms are a frequent occurrence in Singapore, which has an equatorial climate.
Singapore is one-and-a-half degrees north of the equator, lying entirely between the 1st and 2nd parallels. Singapore's climate is classified as tropical rainforest climate (Köppen climate classification Af), with no true distinct seasons. Owing to its geographical location and maritime exposure, its climate is characterised by uniform temperature and pressure, high humidity and abundant rainfall. Therefore, it is almost always warm and wet. The average annual rainfall is around 2,340 mm (92.1 in). The highest 24-hour rainfall figures ever recorded in history were 512.4 mm (20.2 in) (2 December 1978) at Paya Lebar, 467 mm (18.4 in) (1969) and 366 mm (14.4 in) (19 December 2006).[3]
The temperature hovers around a diurnal range of a minimum of 25 °C (77.0 °F) and a maximum of 33 °C (91.4 °F). May is the hottest month of the year in Singapore, followed by June. This is due to light winds and strong sunshine during those months.[4] The highest recorded temperature is 37.0 °C (98.6 °F), which was recorded twice on 17 April 1983 and 13 May 2023.[5] The lowest recorded temperature was 19.0 °C (66.2 °F) on 14 February 1989 at Paya Lebar.[6] Temperature often goes above 33.2 °C (91.8 °F) and can reach 35 °C (95 °F) at times.[7]
Relative humidity has a diurnal range in the high 90s in the early morning to around 60% in the mid-afternoon, but does go below 50% at times. During prolonged heavy rain, relative humidity often reaches 100%. Generally, there is much more rainfall on the western side of the island than on the eastern portion of Singapore, owing to a rain shadow effect.
Thus, the eastern side of Singapore is much drier and slightly hotter than western Singapore. This can cause slight weather disparities from one side of the island to the other. This is significant to note because even a small hill such as Bukit Timah Hill can cause this phenomenon. Despite Singapore's small size, there may be sunshine on one side while there is rain on the other.
Further contrasts that prevent true all-year uniformity are the monsoon seasons which happen twice each year. The first one is the Northeast Monsoon which occurs from mid-November to early March. The second is the Southwest Monsoon season which occurs from June to September. Periods between monsoon seasons receive less rain and wind. During the Northeast Monsoon, northeast winds prevail, sometimes reach 20 km/h (12 mph). There are cloudy conditions in December and January with frequent afternoon showers.
Spells of widespread moderate to heavy rain occur lasting from 1 to 3 days at a stretch. It is relatively dry in February till early March although rainfall still exceeds 120mm. It is also generally windy with wind speeds sometimes reaching 30 to 50 km/h (19 to 31 mph) in the months of January and February. During the Southwest Monsoon season, southeast winds prevail. Isolated to scattered showers occur in the late morning and early afternoon. Early morning "Sumatras" – squall lines that originate over nearby Sumatra – are common.
Climate data for Singapore (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1929–1941 and 1948–present)
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
Record high °C (°F)
35.2(95.4)
35.2(95.4)
36.0(96.8)
35.8(96.4)
36.5(97.7)
35.0(95.0)
34.0(93.2)
34.2(93.6)
34.4(93.9)
34.6(94.3)
34.4(93.9)
33.8(92.8)
36.0(96.8)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
30.6(87.1)
31.5(88.7)
32.2(90.0)
32.4(90.3)
32.3(90.1)
31.9(89.4)
31.4(88.5)
31.4(88.5)
31.6(88.9)
31.8(89.2)
31.2(88.2)
30.5(86.9)
31.6(88.9)
Daily mean °C (°F)
26.8(80.2)
27.3(81.1)
27.8(82.0)
28.2(82.8)
28.6(83.5)
28.5(83.3)
28.2(82.8)
28.1(82.6)
28.0(82.4)
27.9(82.2)
27.2(81.0)
26.8(80.2)
27.8(82.0)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
24.3(75.7)
24.6(76.3)
24.9(76.8)
25.3(77.5)
25.7(78.3)
25.7(78.3)
25.4(77.7)
25.3(77.5)
25.2(77.4)
25.0(77.0)
24.6(76.3)
24.3(75.7)
25.0(77.0)
Record low °C (°F)
19.4(66.9)
19.7(67.5)
20.2(68.4)
20.7(69.3)
21.2(70.2)
20.8(69.4)
19.7(67.5)
20.2(68.4)
20.7(69.3)
20.6(69.1)
21.1(70.0)
20.6(69.1)
19.4(66.9)
Average rainfall mm (inches)
221.6(8.72)
105.1(4.14)
151.7(5.97)
164.3(6.47)
164.3(6.47)
135.3(5.33)
146.6(5.77)
146.9(5.78)
124.9(4.92)
168.3(6.63)
252.3(9.93)
331.9(13.07)
2,113.2(83.20)
Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm)
13
9
12
15
15
13
14
14
13
15
19
19
171
Average relative humidity (%)
83.5
81.2
81.7
82.6
82.3
80.9
80.9
80.7
80.7
81.5
84.9
85.5
82.2
Mean monthly sunshine hours
180.4
198.6
196.6
182.4
184.8
175.4
188.5
184.6
161.4
155.0
133.2
133.1
2,074
Source 1: National Environment Agency[8][9]
Source 2: NOAA (sun only, 1991–2020)[10]
Singapore
Climate chart (explanation)
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
230
30
22
137
32
23
168
33
24
179
33
24
172
32
24
245
32
25
157
31
24
176
31
24
159
31
24
194
31
24
297
31
24
348
30
23
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
█ Precipitation totals in mmSource: NEA[11]
Imperial conversion
JFMAMJJASOND
9
85
72
5.4
89
74
6.6
92
75
7
91
76
6.8
90
76
9.7
90
76
6.2
88
76
6.9
88
76
6.2
88
76
7.6
88
75
12
87
75
14
86
73
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
█ Precipitation totals in inches
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org.
See or edit raw graph data.
Climate change initiatives[edit]
See also: Effects of climate change on small island countries
Singapore recognises that climate change in the decades ahead will have major implications for the island-nation. It has taken a three-prong approach to the issue - researching how the nation will be affected in specific details, implementing mitigation measures and adapting to the coming changes. For the research, a Centre for Climate Research Singapore (CCRS) has been established.[12]
The government estimates that $100 billion will need to be spent over a 100-year time frame to address the issue. In the 2020 budget, it has set aside an initial $5 billion towards a Coastline and Flood Protection Fund.
[13] For the population, it will provide incentives for owners to convert to electric vehicles (EVs), like rebates on the Additional Registration fees and expanding the EV charging network. By 2040, it expects to phase out petrol and diesel (internal combustion engine) vehicles. The country's transport policy continues to focus on a "car-lite" future with most commuters using public transportation (MRT trains, buses, taxis) instead.
[14]
Singapore is the first country in Southeast Asia to levy a carbon tax, at $5 per ton, applicable for its largest carbon-emitting corporations that produce more than 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide per year.[15] To reduce the country's dependence on fossil fuels, it is building one of the world's largest floating solar farm at Tengeh Reservoir in Tuas, with a capacity of 60MW.[16]
Time zone[edit]
Although Singapore does not observe daylight saving time (DST), it follows the UTC+8 time zone, one hour ahead of the typical zone for its geographical location.
Daylight
February
July
November
07:16 – 19:20
07:05 – 19:16
06:46 - 18:50
Geology[edit]
Main article: Geology of Singapore
Igneous rocks are found in Bukit Timah and Woodlands and Pulau Ubin island. Granite makes up the bulk of the igneous rock. Gabbro is also found in the area and is found in an area called Little Guilin named for its resemblance to Guilin in Southern China. This area is in Bukit Gombak. Sedimentary rocks are found on the western part of Singapore and is mainly made of sandstone and mudstones. It also includes the southwestern area. Metamorphic rocks are found in the northeastern part of Singapore and also on Pulau Tekong off the east coast of Singapore. The rocks are mainly made up of quartzite and also make up the Sajahat Formation.
Seismic activity[edit]
Singapore is relatively safe from seismic activity in the region, as the nearest major active faults (Sumatran fault and Sunda megathrust fault) are hundreds of kilometres away in Indonesia. However, the population and buildings are prone to being only very slightly affected by any activity as tremors, which is not uncommon, but generally does not do any harm and is limited to small amounts of swaying or vibration of objects.
In late 2004, several parts of Asia and Africa were struck by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and the resulting tsunami. Singapore was fortunate as it was protected by the Sumatra landmass, which bore the brunt of the tsunami; the effect on Singapore was limited to tremors felt in some of the common high-rise buildings there.
Political and human geography[edit]
Main articles: Administrative divisions of Singapore and List of places in Singapore
See also: Regions of Singapore, Planning Areas of Singapore, and New towns of Singapore
Singapore's urban geography is often characterised by extensive use of HDB flats, which the majority of citizens reside in.
Enlargeable, detailed map of Singapore
When Singapore was first colonised by the British, the City of Singapore was situated on the southern coast, around the mouth of the Singapore River. This area remains the Central Area of Singapore. The rest of the island was farmland and primary rainforest. However, since the 1960s the government has constructed many new towns in other areas, so that today the island is nearly entirely built-up and urbanised, with only a few exceptions, such as the district of Lim Chu Kang or reclaimed land in the process of being developed.
The country has several subdivisions, mostly used for administrative or statistical purposes. Politically, Singapore is divided into five administrative districts, these are then further subdivided into town councils which usually consists of one or more political constituencies. However, unlike other countries where local government subdivisions are used to cite locations, the same practice is often uncommon in Singapore. Political boundaries fluctuate with every general election and thus, the areas they cover do not necessarily correspond to the local perception of a place. Most geographical regions, districts and neighbourhoods within the city-state are usually overlapping and can sometimes be arbitrarily defined. Planning and census boundaries, called planning areas, have been used by the Urban Redevelopment Authority to define certain districts and neighbourhoods,[17] although these boundaries may not necessarily correspond with the common perception of a certain place. While boundaries for new towns do exist,[18] there have been instances where certain neighbourhoods can be identified separately from the town it is located in. Tiong Bahru for example, is often identified separately from the HDB town it is a part of, Bukit Merah.
As the main government agency responsible for the urban planning of Singapore, the Urban Redevelopment Authority seeks to implement efficient land use and minimise pollution while maintaining convenient transport, which are Singapore's largest concerns because of its situation as a city-state. A Development Guide Plan for each of the 55 planning areas has been released in the process.
In order to reduce traffic congestion, Electronic road pricing (ERP) has been enacted around entrances into the Central Area. The other parts of Singapore are less dense and busy, and are often filled with housing estates such as from the Housing and Development Board (HDB) or condominiums, and commercial districts are less concentrated. However, to reduce strain on the Central Area, several regional centres have been developed, each containing a concentrated commercial district.
Light industry tends to be distributed around the island as industrial estates and located in flats, similar to the HDB, and only allow tenants which produce close to nil pollution, whereas heavy industry tends to be located around Jurong and Jurong Island. A list of such estates can be found here.
There are two connections to the state of Johor, Malaysia. In the north there is a causeway for both rail and road traffic, which connects to the city of Johor Bahru. In the west there is a road bridge (Tuas Second Link), which connects to Johor, for road traffic only. The connections are an important economic link to Malaysia, which can be seen as a hinterland.
The causeway (1,038 m in length) was designed by Coode, Fizmaurice, Wilson and Mitchell of Westminster and constructed by Topham, Jones & Railton Ltd of London. It was started in 1909 as a railway link by Johor State Railway to connect Johor Bahru to Singapore, then the administrative headquarters of British interests in Southeast Asia. Construction of the road section started in 1919 and completed in 1923.
The causeway has caused ecological problems, most notably accumulation of silt in the Johore Strait. This has led to disagreements with Malaysia. Singapore has rejected Malaysia's proposal to replace the causeway with a bridge, and Malaysia has since proposed the idea of what became known as "the crooked half-bridge", descending halfway to link up with the low-level causeway.
Since Singapore lacks natural freshwater rivers and lakes, the primary source of domestic water is rainfall. Demand for fresh water is approximately twice that supplied by rainfall, so Singapore imports much of its fresh water from Malaysia and Indonesia. To lessen its reliance on imports, Singapore has built reservoirs to collect rainwater from both forest catchment and urban catchment run-offs and from recycled water facilities. In addition, Singapore has built three desalination plants on the western coast of Tuas with two more under construction. They are expected to at least meet 30% of Singapore's water demands in 2060. Recent plans to produce NEWater-recycled water from treatment by filtration via reverse osmosis have been very successful as the government has opened up three plants around the island to help meet the demand.
There are more than 300 parks and 4 nature reserves in Singapore. There are also many trees planted, and almost fifty per cent of the country is covered by greenery. Because of this, Singapore is also commonly known as the 'Garden City'.[19]
Singapore remains highly vulnerable to the impact of climate change; in particular, the rising sea levels may pose a major threat to the very survival of the country in the long-term perspective.[20]
vte Largest towns and planning areas in SingaporeSingapore Department of Statistics population report for 2022
Rank
Name
Region
Pop.
Rank
Name
Region
Pop.
BedokTampines
1
Bedok
East
278,270
11
Ang Mo Kio
North-East
161,000
Jurong WestSengkang
2
Tampines
East
265,340
12
Bukit Merah
Central
149,160
3
Jurong West
West
258,240
13
Pasir Ris
East
145,990
4
Sengkang
North-East
252,730
14
Bukit Panjang
West
137,020
5
Woodlands
North
252,190
15
Toa Payoh
Central
128,450
6
Hougang
North-East
226,990
16
Serangoon
North-East
117,910
7
Yishun
North
222,580
17
Geylang
Central
109,150
8
Choa Chu Kang
West
189,990
18
Sembawang
North
108,220
9
Punggol
North-East
185,180
19
Kallang
Central
100,520
10
Bukit Batok
West
164,560
20
Queenstown
Central
96,730
Jurong Industrial Estate, Singapore, with Jurong Island in the background
References[edit]
^ "Environment - Latest Data". Singapore Department of Statistics. 31 January 2023. Retrieved 15 May 2023.
^ "Yearbook of Statistics Singapore 2017". Department of Statistics Singapore. Retrieved 30 June 2018.
^ Singapore Government Weather System
^ Meteorological Services Division, National Environmental Agency http://www.nea.gov.sg
^ "Historical Extremes | Temperature |".
^ "Records of Climate Station Extreme". Weather Statistics. National Environment Agency.
^ "More warm days, drier weather in May with highs of 35 °C". CNA. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
^ "Records of Climate Station Means (Climatological Reference Period: 1991-2020)". National Environment Agency (Singapore). Retrieved 5 August 2021.
^ "Historical Extremes". National Environment Agency (Singapore). Retrieved 5 August 2021.
^ "Singapore/Changi Climate Normals 1991–2020". World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 1 August 2023. Retrieved 1 August 2023.
^ "Records of Climate Station Extreme". Weather Statistics. National Environment Agency. Archived from the original on 21 June 2013. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
^ "National Day Rally 2019: Three-pronged approach for Singapore to tackle climate change". The Straits Times. Singapore. 18 August 2019.
^ Tanscience, Audrey (18 February 2020). "Singapore Budget 2020: New coastal and flood protection fund to protect". The Straits Times. Retrieved 20 February 2020.
^ "Singapore Budget 2020: Push to promote electric vehicles in move to phase out petrol and diesel vehicles". The Straits Times. 18 February 2020. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
^ "Singapore Budget 2018: Carbon tax of $5 per tonne of greenhouse gas emissions to be levied". The Straits Times. Singapore. 19 February 2018.
^ "One of world's largest floating solar farms coming up in Tuas". The Straits Times. Singapore. 19 August 2020.
^ "Planning Boundaries – Region, Planning Area and Subzone". Urban Redevelopment Authority. Retrieved 27 August 2016.
^ HDB Key Statistics FY 2014/2015 Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine
^ "Interesting facts of our Garden City". National Parks Board. Archived from the original on 23 January 2012. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
^ Overland, Indra et al. (2017) Impact of Climate Change on ASEAN International Affairs: Risk and Opportunity Multiplier, Norwegian Institute of International Affairs (NUPI) and Myanmar Institute of International and Strategic Studies (MISIS).
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Geography of Singapore.
Library resources about Geography of Singapore
Resources in your library
Resources in other libraries
Meteorological Services Singapore
Singapore Weather Forecast
Climatology of Singapore – National Environment Agency
CNN.com – Weather – Singapore
Maps:
http://www.worldexecutive.com/cityguides/singapore/maps.html
http://www.urbanrail.net/as/sing/singapore.htm
http://go.hrw.com/atlas/norm_htm/singapor.htm
vtePlaces in Singapore by regionListed by planning areas (Subzones in parentheses)Central
Central Area (City centre)
Bishan
Marymount
Upper Thomson
Bukit Merah
Alexandra Hill
Alexandra North
Bukit Ho Swee
Bukit Merah
Depot Road
Everton Park
HarbourFront/Maritime Square
Henderson Hill
Kampong Tiong Bahru
Redhill
Singapore General Hospital
Telok Blangah Drive
Telok Blangah Rise
Telok Blangah Way
Tiong Bahru
Bukit Timah
Anak Bukit
Coronation Road
Farrer Court
Hillcrest
Holland Road
Leedon Park
Swiss Club
Ulu Pandan
Downtown Core
Anson
Bayfront Subzone
Bugis
Cecil
Central Subzone
City Hall
Clifford Pier
Marina Centre
Maxwell
Millenia Singapore
Nicoll
Phillip
Raffles Place
Tanjong Pagar
Geylang
Aljunied
Geylang East
Kallang Way
Kampong Ubi
MacPherson
Kallang
Bendemeer
Boon Keng
Crawford
Geylang Bahru
Kallang Bahru
Kampong Bugis
Kampong Java
Lavender
Tanjong Rhu
Marina East
Marina South
Marine Parade
East Coast
Katong
Marina East
Marine Parade
Mountbatten
Museum
Bras Basah
Dhoby Ghaut
Fort Canning
Newton
Cairnhill
Goodwood Park
Istana Negara
Monk's Hill
Newton Circus
Orange Grove
Novena
Balestier
Dunearn
Malcolm
Moulmein
Mount Pleasant
Orchard
Boulevard
Somerset
Tanglin
Outram
China Square
Chinatown
Pearl's Hill
People's Park
Queenstown
Commonwealth
Dover
Ghim Moh
Kent Ridge
Margaret Drive
Mei Chin
National University of Singapore
one-north
Pasir Panjang 1
Pasir Panjang 2
Tanglin Halt
Queensway
River Valley
Institution Hill
Leonie Hill
One Tree Hill
Oxley
Paterson
Rochor
Bencoolen
Farrer Park
Kampong Glam
Little India
Mackenzie
Mount Emily
Rochor Canal
Selegie
Sungei Road
Victoria
Singapore River
Boat Quay
Clarke Quay
Robertson Quay
Southern Islands
Kusu Island
Lazarus Island
Sentosa
Sisters' Islands
Saint John's Island
Straits View
Tanglin
Chatsworth
Nassim
Ridout
Tyersall
Toa Payoh
Bidadari
Boon Teck
Braddell
Joo Seng
Kim Keat
Lorong 8 Toa Payoh
Pei Chun
Potong Pasir
Sennett
Toa Payoh Central
Toa Payoh West
Woodleigh
East
Bedok
Bayshore
Bedok North
Reservoir
Bedok South
Frankel
Kaki Bukit
Kembangan
Siglap
Changi
Airport
Changi Point
Changi West
Changi Bay
Pasir Ris
Flora Drive
Loyang East
Loyang West
Pasir Ris Central
Pasir Ris Drive
Pasir Ris Park
Pasir Ris Wafer Fab Park
Pasir Ris West
Paya Lebar
Airport Road, Singapore
Paya Lebar East
Paya Lebar North
Paya Lebar West
Plab
Tampines
Simei
Tampines East
Tampines North
Tampines West
Xilin
North
Central Water Catchment
Lim Chu Kang
Mandai
Mandai East
Mandai Estate
Mandai West
Sembawang
Admiralty
Sembawang Central
Sembawang East
Sembawang North
Sembawang Spring
Sembawang Straits
Senoko North
Senoko South
The Wharves
Simpang
Pulau Seletar
Simpang North
Simpang South
Tanjong Irau
Sungei Kadut
Gali Batu
Kranji
Pang Sua
Turf Club
Reservoir View
Woodlands
Greenwood Park
Midview
North Coast
Senoko West
Woodgrove
Woodlands East
Woodlands Regional Centre
Woodlands South
Woodlands West
Yishun
Khatib
Lower Seletar
Nee Soon
Northland
Springleaf
Yishun Central
Yishun East
Yishun South
Yishun West
North-East
Ang Mo Kio
Ang Mo Kio Town Centre
Cheng San
Chong Boon
Kebun Baru
Sembawang Hills
Shangri-la
Tagore
Townsville, Singapore
Yio Chu Kang
Yio Chu Kang East
Yio Chu Kang North
Yio Chu Kang West
Hougang
Defu Industrial Park
Hougang Central
Hougang East
Hougang West
Kangkar
Kovan
Lorong Ah Soo
Lorong Halus
Tai Seng
Trafalgar
North-Eastern Islands
Punggol
Coney Island
Matilda
Northshore
Punggol Canal
Punggol Field
Punggol Town Centre
Waterway East
Seletar
Pulau Punggol Barat
Pulau Punggol Timor
Seletar
Aerospace Park
Sengkang
Anchorvale
Compassvale
Fernvale
Jalan Kayu
Lorong Halus North
Rivervale
Sengkang Town Centre
Sengkang West
Serangoon
Lorong Chuan
Seletar Hills
Serangoon Central
Serangoon Garden
Serangoon North
Serangoon North Industrial Estate
Upper Paya Lebar
West
Boon Lay
Liu Fang
Samulun
Shipyard
Tukang
Bukit Batok
Bukit Batok Central
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Bukit Batok South
Bukit Batok West
Brickworks
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Guilin
Hillview
Hong Kah North
Bukit Panjang
Bangkit
Dairy Farm
Fajar
Jelebu
Nature Reserve
Saujana
Senja
Choa Chu Kang
Choa Chu Kang Central
Choa Chu Kang North
Keat Hong
Peng Siang
Teck Whye
Yew Tee
Clementi
Clementi Central
Clementi North
Clementi West
Clementi Woods
Faber
Pandan
Sunset Way
Toh Tuck
West Coast
Jurong East
International Business Park
Jurong Gateway
Jurong Port
Lakeside
Jurong River
Penjuru Crescent
Teban Gardens
Toh Guan
Yuhua
Jurong West
Central
Boon Lay Place
Chin Bee
Hong Kah
Kian Teck
Safti
Taman Jurong
Wenya
Yunnan
Pioneer
Benoi Sector
Gul Basin
Gul Circle
Joo Koon
Pioneer Sector
Tengah
Tuas
Tengeh
Tuas Bay
Tuas North
Tuas Promenade
Tuas View
Tuas View Extension
Western Islands
Jurong Island
Bukum
Semakau
Sudong
Western Water Catchment
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